As a rule the faster the muzzle velocity the shorter the bullets time in flight and there for a flatter trajectory and less drop. Wind is different across the entire trajectory . If youre shooting at 849 yards, .1 mil is equal to 8.49cm and so on. Standard Metro conditions are: To calculate the free recoil energy of a firearm, the weight of the gun, the weight of the powder charge, the weight of the bullet or shot+wad and the muzzle velocity are required. All projectile-motion problems are free-fall problems, because after an initial velocity is given to the projectile at time t = 0 of the problem, the only force acting on the projectile is gravity. You make note of it, hold with the start of the duplex, so 3 mils, on the target center and fire a few more times. where v 0 = initial velocity = 0, x = distance traveled inside the gun barrel, and v = muzzle velocity. They are by no means a traditional hunting bullets (the 185 is a tactical OTM whatever that means) but even Berger lists a suggested minimum velocity though, beyond that you are primarily relying on the bullet yawing to disrupt tissue which is proven time over to not be a consistent or reliable thing. Thats a 40% decrease in effective range. Black Powder Shotguns Are Freaking Sweet! To get to 300m, I need hold 2 mil below my 100m zero. So I am not only confused and perplexed by this, but am wondering just what it is Ive been attempting to understand all these years. ), FFP mil/mil scopes can be had for under $700 from SWFA and US Optics makes affordable scopes under $2000. Our free Ballistic Calculator generates thousands of shot simulations using your provided load, muzzle velocity, and real-world environmental conditions to create the most accurate bullet drop compensation data available. Arguing ballistics in regard to killing our own people is disgusting and irreverent tobthose who died in the line of duty. Ive done similar work before with the JBM site. Make sure you dont skip the sections for twist rate and twist direction. A shooting chronograph is a tool that measures the speed at which your bullets leave the barrel of your gun. More about Kevin and links to his professional work can be found at www.kemibe.com. It all depends on what you consider long range to be. You can use those programs the same way. Although we dont always like it, a hunter can shoot an animal and let it run off a short distance to expire. Fire again twice. Save that information. I shoot way too many different rifles and loads, so having a good bc and mv, when I can get them, might be quicker than even your method. Plus, Id never shoot an animal at that range and on targets it doesnt matter. Buy Strelok. You still dont know jack at the end of the procedure. 6. No amount of calculation is completely accurate. Your information will never be shared and you can unsubscribe with one click at anytime. wisdom vs. experience or, today I learned What Muzzleloading Stuff Did You Do Today. Its the same projectile, but the speed it travels greatly affects the energy it carries at impact. The Train and the Defend ammunition produces the exact same muzzle energy and velocity. The muzzle velocity of the bullet. Lyman found that barrel and load would give about 1573 fps muzzle velocity. The function is only intended for short distances, less than (or maximum) 25 m/yds. function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} I actually dont like shooting past 500m these days. Even within AR-15s, muzzle velocity might be very different from gun to gun. Copyright 2023 ShootersCalculator.comALL rights reserved. Muzzle energy is often used to rate the lethality of certain loads. Look it up. And even when there is, the vast majority of cops and servicemen will stand with us, not some politician like king obama. Remember, it isnt about speed or barrel length. Its at 4.6, so a half mil high. Ive seen a lot of conflicting advice regarding crimping for the AR-10, both as to whether or not its really necessary and if it really affects accuracy. So what? Hell understand when you tell him how productive it will make you. Now line up and fire at the dirt in the berm next to it. Find the velocity, feet per second, of the exiting pellet. For self-defense and hunting ammunition, muzzle energy is just part of the equation. Once you've completed the form click the calculate button to generate your ballistic compensation drop chart. Fact is, my method works and offers the flexibility that modern people need when shooting for score or in the field. Dont believe me? Sure you want a hard-hitting round to ensure adequate energy transfer and penetration, but you also need to consider bullet design. Get out that barely-relevant copy of The Ultimate Sniper and hope that it holds the answers. ShootersCalculator.com is in the process of being massively overhauled. Few people completely understand the math necessary to calculate muzzle energy. All these fancy things are there to make that first shot and every shot better. This is the major problem with using FMJs for anything other than target shooting and recreational plinking. Joined: Fri Nov 30, 2012 6:25 pm. Chronologically, this takes placei. 5 mils of drop. Draw a dot in the middle. You can hover over the question mark icon on any field to learn more about how that field will impact your calculation. Select a scope to prefill the following data attributes or enter your own values. Go back to the range or set your cell phone down and set up a target at a random distance300 yards900whatever. Ill tell you one thing . It looks like that first shot may have been down 4.5 mils. Form factor = 0.719 Muzzle Velocity (ft/s) that would mean in almost 2 decades of hunting I would have passed on exactly one shot, but that extra 225 yards of effective range means I am not pushing the equipment right up to the edge of its limits when taking shots at any reasonable range I hunt at. The average muzzle velocity of a .308 Winchester round is around 2750 fps (feet per second). The second one isnt super critical, but just get it correct. Projectile motion definition. Drop - The vertical position of the ball, in inches, at that distance. In the next set of inputs, dont really mess with most of that. Im shooting .308 Winchester out of a 26 inch barrel (but that is immaterial). \begin{aligned} &x = x_0 + v_xt \;\text{(constant v)} \\ &y = y_0 + \frac{1}{2}(v_{0y} + v_y)t \\ &v_y = v_{0y}-gt \\ &y = y_0 + v_{0y}t-\frac{1}{2}gt^2 \\ &v_y^2 = v_{0y}^2-2g(y-y_0)\end{aligned}, Georgia State University Hyperphysics: Trajectories, University of Utah Medical School: Firearms Tutorial, University of Alaska at Fairbanks: Projectile Motion. Muzzle Energy will be rounded to the nearest whole number. 1000 is an imaginary landmark 46 @1000 is nothing and easily accounted for. Get the very best gear you can afford and make the most out of each shot. Close enough for what were doing. Ignore wind speed for this time. The best and easiest way to do this involves shooting at dirt and steel and then at cardboard. I supposed someone could put the numbers in Excel and the program would "calculate" the #'s for you basically by just doing the math. Bullet or shot weight (gr) 1 oz = 437.5 gr. They are about like guys in F Class. BC. Use only your reticle, which should have real mils on it. You'll need only three added pieces of information [3] for your situation: Bullet weight, New charge weight, New Barrel Length. To calculate the muzzle velocity, a velocity measurement, the ballistic coefficient and the distance from the muzzle to the measurement point are required. So it comes down to what you want to do. What Im about to say will bunch a lot of shorts in a lot of places. Pressure and temperature is different when the max ord is dozens of yards above sight line and this is assuming you are not shooting across a valley. If you have any question or need help with your account, you may contact us to assist you. If 22 barrel is still too big for maneuvering, I have far more appropriate tools at my disposal. Ill have to butt heads with this page over the course of several days to see what I can glean from it. Here we specifically present the form these equations take in the case of projectile motion. e ( CD / BC / 8816) x CV = MV. Generally speaking, the longer the barrel, the greater the muzzle velocity (and thus the greater the muzzle energy) because there is more length for pressure to build before the air creates drag. As the bullet travels down the barrel, propellant gases build pressure and accelerate the forward motion of the projectile. Muzzle energy isnt something that can be measured with radar guns or impact targets. Facebook But, if you refuse to acknowledge our 2A is put in there against tyranny, which exactly means when the gobbermint use goons in blue and green who do not know better to oppress the citizenry, i dunno what truth about guns you have to offer. Bison Ballistics Munitions, LLC You can calculate kinetic energy using the classic formula you memorized in Physics class. Gun publications and avid shooters can run on endlessly about the energy of certain cartridges and even specific brands of cartridges. 1. If you aren't given the value of the acceleration but instead know the firing pressure inside the barrel, a muzzle velocity formula can be derived from the relationships between net force F (mass times acceleration), area A, mass m, pressure P (force divided by area) and acceleration a (force divided by mass). Its all broken down into tens. Anyways, go to jbmballistics.com and begin punching numbers. Our free Ballistic Calculator generates thousands of shot simulations using your provided load, muzzle velocity, and real-world environmental conditions to create the most accurate bullet drop compensation data available. And Im trying to figure out how/whether the ballistics you generate are correct regardless (wrong MV, wrong bc, correct drops), which must be true since it works. Now you know you have a bullet that impacts 5.1 mils low at 500m. That carries ~400fps over your 13.5 configuration. You already know that you have 3 mils to the dot. Muzzle Velocity and Down-Range Velocity There you have it. What matters more is what the projectile does once it strikes the target. ; Multiply the resultant with the mass of the . I have never seen one, probably too many variables. Interval: Output solution distance i.e. That said, Ill elaborate on how to maximize your accuracy with a standard duplex reticle but it wont be easy. There will be some variance, but we can work with that. Death comes when the brain is deprived of oxygen. Youll discover that you will certainly want a temp-stable powder like Varget. COOL STUFF : 25 ACP 32 ACP 327 Magnum 380 ACP 9mm Luger 357 . I figure that is to much deviation if I have been careful reloading, 168gr bullet at 2400 fps? Definitions. Now for some constructive criticism. Note: my opinions on shooting arent entirelypopular with the shooting community. Those centimeters are what you want. If the mass m and muzzle velocity v of a bullet are known, its kinetic energy and momentum can be determined from the relationships Ek = (1/2)mv2 and momentum p = mv. After its initial release onto the commercial market the 7mm-08 Remington gained popularity amongst shooters for the rifles quick handling, accurate . You can have a super-fast load and have it be not-so-great. Gyroscopic stability Sg means the ability of a rotating object to resist the change of its rotating axis. Just give it a good estimate and call it good. You are using an out of date browser. Kestrel 5700 Ballistics Weather Meter with Hornady 4DOF. The way I read the OP, he is asking if there is a program that will give velocities based on black powder loads. Doing this saves you having to goof around firing at every individual range. Once a baseline is established, you can alter it at will to match your conditions. Use the calculator below to calculate the kinetic energy of a bullet. Wind is different across the entire trajectorys height and range yet we can only eyeball the mirage and get one data point at the kestrel. In fact, math is in virtually every angle of shooting. A $3000 scope and all that mumbo jumbo is easier than buying a $150 chronograph? Im in West Michigan, so my typical elevation is about 670 feet above sea level. Since the AR-15 rifle is such a highly customizable gun, there are various features you can change which impact muzzle velocity, and we'll examine them below. The energy in Winchester Train rounds is sufficient to take down a threat in most defensive situations, the problem is where the energy goes. 300 Blackout, not just for sub-sonics. I know probably during your career youve only run into the type that would trade their lives for mine, but that by no means indicate the totality of the situation. Facebook This calculator will produce a ballistic trajectory chart that shows the bullet drop, bullet energy, windage, and velocity. Lemme give you one practical application for 1000+ shooting: killing govt goons when the 2A is finally applied into real use, which is why we own guns in the first place. Click Here to open in small window. Vox: The State of Gun Violence in the U.S. Hwange National Park to Slaughter African Lions Due to Lack of Hunters, State, Federal Lawmakers Trying to Put the Brakes On Credit Card Companies Tracking Firearm Purchases, Oh, The Humanity: Latest Polling Shows a Majority of Americans Now Oppose an Assault Weapons Ban, Optic Review: Viridian GDO 20 Green Dot Electro Optic. Yards - the distance from the muzzle. A comfortable solid platform . You should always pick the load that gives you the best results. A decent high power rifle with a quality barrel , I enjoy my Noreen BN 36 for 500 yarders . I dont trust chronographs but I do trust math. Put a night force on pops 94 youll plug hogs n yotes from a mile away just use that handy dandy ballistics calculator ignore the wind, it doesnt matter! Lets face it: youll never be so operator that your drop chart matches the one in Guerrilla Sniper. I consider long range in the field to be 500m and out. Do not touch that elevation dial. Modified Point Mass Trajectory Calculates a trajectory from bullet dimensions. The average is the calculated central number of a sample. Considering that a bullet from a Marine M40A5 is only seven grains heavier and a paltry 100fps faster coming out of a 24 barrel, Id say were doing just fine with the shorter barrel. Because P = F/A, F = ma, and the area A of the cross-section of a cylinder (which a gun muzzle can be assumed to be) is r2 (r being the radius of the muzzle), a can be expressed in terms of these other quantities: Alternatively you could get a rough estimate of the bullet's velocity by measuring the distance from the muzzle to a target and dividing this by the time it takes the bullet to reach the target, though there will be some loss due to air resistance. Because we don't know it is 2400 yet, we enter 2500 first. Please turn it on so that you can experience the full capabilities of this site. So for existing firearms, longer barrels equal higher muzzle velocity and therefore increased muzzle energy. Use the calculator below to calculate the kinetic energy of a bullet. Feet Per Second (FPS) TOF - Time of flight (how long (in seconds) the bullet is in the air). There are many other variables that can affect the bullet . Enter the first two variables, then press calculate. As gun people, we often become obsessed with ballistic data, particularly with energy and velocity. You wont need a chronograph or a dope card. Can we really live without pissing off everyone else at the range while we set up a chronograph and force them all to hold fire so we can stand in front of the line? For example, if you double the velocity of a projectile, the muzzle energy doesnt just double, it quadruples. Let MV = The Muzzle Velocity calculated from the Chronograph Velocity. Data stays the same. gave figures of 1,227 fps and 1,380 fps respectively. It is by no means a calculator, as it uses averages and gives ballpark figures. The best way to determine muzzle velocity is by using a chronograph. Ive shot in competition, hunted successfully out to 500m+ and have never worried about it. I had not thought much about that before. Our calculator creates a proper ballistics trajectory chart that details range, drop, velocity, energy (fps), wind drift, and time. Trajectory Calculation - Muzzle Velocity Without Chronograph. Our projectile motion calculator is a tool that helps you analyze parabolic projectile motion. Ive had access to literally any gun of my choice regardless of price over the years. In this guide, well examine why muzzle velocity is important and how you can use it to be a more effective hunter and more prepared self-defense shooter. When you start talking about 200-400fps though, yes, velocity absolutely matters. By continuing to browse our website you agree to our use of cookies. Simple is not always better and when it comes to making hits and winning matches, I dont ever want to walk rounds on. I wasnt sitting with you when you took your shots so I will take your word for it though. By the way to prolong the service life of you brain by preventing overheating just buy MagnetoSpeed. That happens to be the longest distance at my local range. The cardboard should be about six feet high and three feet wide. Is that bullet even moving? Using holdover I was able to figure out to aim 11 inches high with a Ruger semi auto .44 mag @ 200 yards, talk about slow velocity, fire gun, 1 wecond silence and then whap. Its all relative, people. If you buy a Lyman reloading manual, youll see that they call out an accuracy load as well as a maximum load in their tables. However, that doesnt mean real science and math werent used to come up with these numbers. In fact, the faster an object is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. The number I am using for the acceleration of gravity is 32.16 f.p.s. Some radiates out from the projectile, sending ripples of energy through soft tissue, rather than using all of its force to knock the bad guy backwards into that watering tough or stack of conveniently placed barrels. I forgot to mention that I also have shot .300 BLK out to long ranges and found the hits to be easy to make. What about that .1? Well, one thing you can do is use our bullet comparator tool to see what the differences in ballistic performance is likely to be if you switch bullets. If thats only 300 yards, thats fine, but it wont be as precise as longer distances. Quick! . Lets say it works out to be 3 mils at full magnification. Actually look down your crosshair and see where the mil lines are. If youre really careful, you can actually take that permanent marker and draw mils on your glass. I have five, all read differently by 100s of fps. Technically this is only true to a point. Shut up! Before that, Id interpolate ballistics tables in the back of reloading books. As always, its important to remember that at the end of the day there is no substitution for accuracy. Crumpled ? ProChromo, CEDM2, Magnetospeed, Superchrono (measures from sonic boom), and Labradar. Check shot one. Since my long range shooting primarily revolves around hunting, velocity also matters quite a bit where your bullet has a specific velocity threshold where it will expand and disrupt tissue as opposed to turning into a copper and lead ice pick, and your deer runs off to be eaten alive by coyotes. This calculator will display the foot pounds of energy, and help you compare the power of different loads. This is just about how I zeroed my McMillan .50. The estimator uses a modified form of the Powley Ballistic Calculator. I will tell you that its not important. Because the length of the barrel greatly affects both the velocity and energy generated at the muzzle, the figures touted by the manufacturer arent precise and certainly wont be specific to your particularly firearm. + 1 inch at 50 yards, 0 at 100 yards, -5.2 at 150 yards, and -15.3 at 200 yards. Thinking that missing by just a little bit is better than taking a few minutes to set up a chronograph is short sighted silliness. Copyright 2023/ Privacy Policy / Terms & Conditions. ; Find the square of the velocity of the firearm. Not sure how well he did but hes got some amazing skills. Shooters in self-defense situations dont have this luxury. The bullet hits next to the 2 line. Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help. In order to determine the kinetic energy, you must know the velocity of the bullet and the weight of the bullet in grains. Muzzle velocity changes to an estimated amount of fps. Crimpled ? Generally a good idea to avoid speaking in absolutes, on top of that, categorically stating that velocity doesnt matter is a bit misleading. Long range on the target line starts at 600m. (Notoriously enough, I do most of my shooting and hunting with a 13.5 .308.) It's a quick and dirty sanity check if you're thinking about trying a new bullet and want to know about how much velocity you will gain or lose. This number can be used to get a rough idea of a rounds destructive potential. Ive found that it is very rare for the hottest load of any cartridge to be also the most accurate. What would YOU DO if an Airsoft Ref came up to you like this? Exit out and be sure to accept your MV. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Anyway, thanks for writing this, I would like to see more posts on long range shooting. Using the 80 grain load (basically is 1.5X caliber) I add 8.125 (FPS Factor) X 15 (barrel length over 24, up to 39) and subtract 5.75 (FPS factor) X 2 (2 inches over 40 barrel length) Starting book velocity of 1560 FPS plus 110 FPS = 1670 FPS. 2400? Firearm muzzle velocities range from approximately 120 m/s (390 ft/s) to 370 m/s (1,200 ft/s) in black powder muskets, to more than 1,200 m/s (3,900 ft/s) in modern rifles with high-velocity cartridges such as . The OP is asking about internal ballistics of black powder and round projectiles. I may try switching to H4350 where I was using H414. charge. The factual truth is that velocity & BC do matter. But precision is not equal to accuracy. Any bullet that even nicks a vital blood vessel will do the trick. Wad weight (gr) I have mine memorized at 300 , 500 and 800 yards and can do a 10 inch gong in 3 shots almost every time . For an overall great rifle, there's nothing wrong with the most popular barrel length of 16 inches. While deep penetration is great for reaching vital organs, too much penetration can cause the bullet to pass completely through the target, taking that energy with it. The website will also let you include a zero at Point Blank Range, which is great for guys with the duplex reticles. Since Im struggling as it is to keep this whole yards and meters thing straight, Im just going to go full metric. Brought to you by Sciencing. To use the calculator, simply fill in the input values (blank white boxes) in the large black box. For my abilities and shooting the El-Cheap-o rifle I am, I think its excellent. Foot pounds is a standard unit of energy used as part of the English Engineering Units, a set of measurements commonly used in the United States. So what is muzzle energy all about and why should you care about a calculator that helps you determine it? For a game animal or a human attacker to die, there must be sufficient blood loss, usually through significant damage to the vascular system or a major blood-bearing organ. Align the 4 mil line with the center and observe where your impacts are. Based on the fact that there arenttoo many velocities that will get your given bullet from A to B and put them all in the same place, you are then able to do the last and most critical part of this whole process. One frequently hears the expression describing an . We use cookies to improve your browsing experience. Yes. Copyright Ammotogo.com 2023 All Rights Reserved. When your rounds go trans-sonic (ie, from super-sonic to sub-sonic) on the way to the target, they can become upset and unstable, depending on bullet weight, form, etc. That should even get you in the vital area of a Pudu. Use your imagination. Take the mystery and uncertainty of long-range shooting out of the equation with Impact! Muzzle Velocity. Chances are good that youve had to follow a blood trail before recovering game. Muzzle 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 Velocity (fps) 1900 1843 1787 1732 1679 1628 1579 1531 1484 1439 1395 Kinetic Energy (ft lb) 1723 . Josh Wayner is a Michigan native, active competitor, Grand Valley State University alumni, troublemaker, and fiction author. It meters nice and burns clean. Group size at 100 yards is just under half an inch in both directions (horizontal/vertical), so I say its half an inch. They perform the tests in a controlled laboratory environment. Your point A is 100m, but your 500m point B isnt your expected 5.1. JavaScript is disabled. What youll need is ; Semi-auto, (eg .308/7.62 for M1A)? Watch on. (Heres that disclaimer I promised) I will be the first to admit that a 26 barrel is pointless on a 308, but thats how my rifle came from the factory, and to the extent I have hand loaded for it so far it shoots lights out so I am inclined to leave it be. I know people like you and you wouldnt last a minute against those you call goons. I have been fortunate, for the two main loads I shoot in this rifle I have found good accuracy nodes on the higher end of velocities, but without having to run at max charges or push pressures. Go to the next section and enter atmospherics. As detailed in other articles Ive written, most people never shoot beyond 300. If your memory is a little off you may take a pencil and a notebook but leave your calculator at home . Better put on your shades while reading this because your future is about to get bright. Enter the actual temperature of the day. . Youll NB if you read these tables what Im saying is true it is very infrequent for the hottest load that Lyman has tested to also be the most accurate. Go back and change that variable. Theres a reason that computer guided optics are becoming a thing these days. . What about it? Get free updates when we add new tips, articles and more! In a gun tube for firing rounds of smart ammunition, a sensor means applied to the ammunition which enables the calculation of muzzle velocity in the instant as the ammunition leaves the muzzle edge of the gun tube. Theres no practical difference at all. So what do us normal guys who dont try out fifty handloads in one sitting do? How to use the Range Calculator. Your chronograph is most likely the problem , there is no way youre getting 500fps diffs with the same powder and loads on the same bullet . Even if a cartridge generates 1000 foot pounds of energy, not all of that energy is used to push the target. So no matter how fast a bullet is fired, it is falling toward Earth just as quickly as if it had been simply dropped from your hand. You will learn more than I have time to write on this page. I would like to shoot longer ranges, but I only have about 300 yards at the longest. Bullet Library. The value of the stability calculator is more in comparing different combinations with each other (twist rate, bullet to be used, muzzle velocity, environmental conditions, etc.) Im loading 308 for AR-10 and 30-06 for a bolt. . Its about building a range card based on data. It's based on the assumption that a rifle will impart the same amount of kinetic energy to both bullets. If you can stretch your memory back to high school science, you should remember that kinetic energy is the energy of motion. But why shoot a little gun like that when you could shoot another one? We find it highly valuable and worth the price. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; Instagram Then enter the bullet weight of the bullet whose velocity you want to estimate. Confirm your data using shorter shots. Move your reticle over to your target and hold the nearest round mil onto the dot in the middle of your target. The more complicated answer: Muzzle energy is the measure of kinetic energy a projectile carries when it exits a firearm. I appreciate and use the JBM site regularly as well. Dissing long range just because its impractical for hunting or target shooting is not a valid reason to dismiss the need for sufficient velocity. The 175 grain Eagle Eye loads I use do 2,620 out of my 20 LTR. Youtube, ABOUT US They are focused on PRS competition, which is fine, but there so few actual competitors in that that they may just write it up on Olympic biathlon. Notify me of follow-up comments by email.